|
Biogeochemical
property |
Related IOP
|
Importance
|
Sensor(s)
|
|
Chlorophyll absorption |
Particulate absorption |
Chlorophyll captures and
provides the quantum energy for aquatic photosynthesis. Absorption
of packaged chlorophyll is a critical IOP for estimating primary
productivity and carbon production in bio-optical models.
|
•
ac-9,
ac-s
|
|
Chlorophyll fluorescence |
Fluorescence emission
|
In-vivo chlorophyll
fluorescence is a sensitive indicator of chlorophyll concentration,
though highly dependent on pigment packaging and quantum efficiency
of fluorescence. |
• ECO
FL
•
WETStar
|
|
Particulate mass
concentration
|
Beam attenuation |
Beam attenuation in the
red is linearly correlated with particle mass concentration. Where
phytoplankton are the dominant particulates, the beam atteunation
coefficient can be correlated to the particulate organic carbon (POC)
concentration and can be used to estimate net primary production and
biomass-specific production rates. |
•
ac-9, ac-s
•
C-Star |
|
Particulate mass
concentration |
Backscattering |
Backscattering is a less
precise proxy of particle mass concentration but is effective over a
wide range of concentrations and can be related to the common
unitless measurement of turbidity. |
• ECO
BB2F,
FLNTU,
BB |
|
Phytoplankton
composition |
Spectral absorption |
Phytoplankton have
specific pigment compositions related to species and physiological
parameters. Precise absorption spectra can distinguish the bulk
ratios of pigments in a given population and can be used for
taxonomic and niche identification. |
•
ac-9,
•
ac-s |
|
Particle composition:
the proportion of pigmented to non-pigmented particles |
a/b
(absorption-to-scattering ratio) |
Can estimate the
abundance of phytoplankton particles relative to the total particle
population |
•
ac-9, ac-s |
|
Size distributions
|
Spectral attenuation
|
The hyperbolic slope of
the attenuation spectrum in the visible is linearly linked to the
slope of the hyperbolic, Junge-type particle size distribution, thus
providing a simple means of determining relative proportions of
small and large particles. |
•
ac-9, ac-s |
|
Bulk refractive indices—PIC:POC
|
Backscattering
ratio
and
spectral attenuation |
The strong relationship
between the backscattering ratio and bulk refractive index allows a
direct estimate of the proportion of organic to inorganic
particulate material (POC:PIC) |
•
ECO BB
•
ECO VSF |
|
Colored dissolved
organic matter (CDOM) |
UV and blue wavelength
spectral fluorescence and dissolved absorption |
Identification of
fluorescent amino acids, terrestrial humic and fulvic acids, aquatic
humic acids and whitening agents. Composition of chromophoric
dissolved organic material based on dissolved absorption spectrum.
|
•
CDOM WetStar,
•
Filtered ac-9, ac-s |